Substantial Problems on Industrialization

At the turn of the century, a spirit of reform known as progressivism took hold of umteen American good deal. slight a united movement than a loose gathering of casual and incredible alliances, progressivism targeted the massive problems of an urban, industrialized nation. In break of resistance, reform-mindeds were able to redefine disposals role in American life, subscribe to a serious run for the white-hot House, and ratify such lasting reforms. In the nightfall of the 1800s, many citizens could see that actual stews to lick the substantial problems of industrialization were failing.The 1880s and 1890s were filled with lively debates most how to reform society. The ideas of journalists heat content George and Edward Bellamy were among the most popular. In 1879 Henry George had written a observe book Progress and Poverty in an effort to explain why an advanced acculturation seemed to increase rather than eliminate poverty. George proposed to solve this problem by ending taxes on improvements on land, such as hold and cultivation. George proposed ripe a single tax on the value of land itself. such a tax would energise a speculation in land less(prenominal) attractive by increasing the be of holding land without using it. In 1888 newspaper editor Edward Bellamy published a fable called Looking Backward. Incorporated into the novel was the story of a man being hypnotized and waking up in the year 2000. All of the harsh on the job(p)s conditions, mixer class set backs, and governmental corruption that existed in 1887 no womb-to-tomb existed. The reason for such a revision was that government had nationalized the great trusts and organized industrial management.Socialists, unionists, and city government reformers similarly had many followers. Progressives realized that the nations freehanded enterprise system often could be unfair, but they did not want to draw back the high standard of living and individualized liberty it had given them, and they deeply feared the rage of revolution. Thus, moderniseds were faced with the question of how to preserve what was dependable just about the United States while reforming the bad. In order to protect vulnerable citizens, progressives certain an increased level of government curb over areas once considered private, such as housing and healthcare.Florence Kelley became a leader in the search for answers. She soon became a resident in Jane Addams Hull House in Chicago. Largely through her efforts, in 1893 Illinois passed a law prohibiting child labor, limiting work hours for women, and regulating sweatshop conditions. In 1954 Supreme court of justice justice Felix Frankfurter said that Florence Kelley had likely the largest share in shaping the social history of the United States during the first cardinal years of this century. Driven by the attach tide of public demand, an inundation of progressive reform programs flowed through local, state, and federal legislatures. Targets for the proposed reforms include politics, society, and the economy. Some reform mayors led movements for city supported welfare services. Hazen Pingree provided public baths, parks, and, to bit the 1893 depression, a work relief program. prospering Rule Jones opened playgrounds and free kindergartens and build lodging houses for the homeless. Nobody has the right to rule anybody else, he once said.He notion all people would be proper if social conditions were good. Progressive governors and state legislators also were active. Governors Robert LaFollette in Wisconsin and Hiram Johnson in California introduced reforms to make government more efficient and antiphonary to voters. Progressivism appeared at the federal level in labor and industrial relations, in the regularisation of business and commerce. By the time Theodore Roosevelt entire his second term in 1909, the government had filed forty two antitrust actions.The yell trust, Standard Oil, and t he American Tobacco companion were either broken up or forced to reorganize. Roosevelt was not antibusiness. He did not wish to destroy trusts he deemed good, or not harmful to the public, he just felt they should be supervised and controlled. The progressive era also gave way to they 16th and seventeenth amendments. The sixteenth amendment allowed government to drum more revenue from wealthy peoples income and less from tariffs that hurt the working poor.The seventeenth amendment took the election of senators out of the men of legislature voters were thus allowed to play a more direct role in government. By the mid 1910s, progressives could take surcharge in the many changes they had helped bring about, such as redefining the role of government in business and politics. Some reformers included Henry George, Edward Bellamy, Florence Kelley, and the nation separated as local, state, and federal. The branch of the war in Europe brought about the end of the progressive era in 19 14, by the end of 1916 the reform peak of the United States had sputtered out.