Bill Sikes Essays

Bill Sikes Essays Bill Sikes Paper Bill Sikes Paper Dickens begins this chapter by talking about Fagin in non-human terms that suggest he is frightening and dangerous. Words like lair, phantom, and fangs describe the Fagins house and his physical appearance. This isnt the first use of animal imagery to suggest Fagin is scary and dangerous in Oliver Twist. Fagin has been described before as a reptile and a predator. Dickens has used animal imagery to express a sense of evil. Dickens is suggesting that Fagin is about to act like an animal and is his need for revenge a strictly human evil? This remark by Charley Dickens, showing Olivers purity, further shows us that Fagin is willing to corrupt an innocent soul for the sake of his greed, as we find out later on that he was to corrupt the boy for money. He tries to make Oliver as one of his boys but in the end he does not succeed. Fagin seeks to corrupt even the innocent, which makes him almost evil. Making Fagin a Jew is a metaphor as Fagin himself is a recurring symbol for the devil. Several times Dickens refers to him with known devil names or symbols. He talks of Fagin with flaming red hair and a beard, along with a three-pronged roasting fork, which all are symbols. Before he is to die, he refuses to pray for himself and his being a Jew has a very evil connotation. He is greedy and mean, trying to pull Oliver and others into his web of evil. After Noah delivers his report, Fagin is furious with Nancy. When Sikes enters, carrying the loot from his nights work, Fagin un-nerves him by staring fixedly, speechless and twitching with emotion. The old man tells Sikes his story, masterfully rousing Sikes to a pitch of rage at the hint that the gang has been betrayed. Deliberately increasing the tension, Fagin wakes Claypole to make him tell Sikes about Nancy. WITH ALL OF THE SYMBOLISM AND MORAL ISSUES REPRESENTED IN OLIVER TWIST, ALL SEEM TO COME FROM REAL EVENTS FROM THE LIFE OF ITS AUTHOR, CHARLES DICKENS. THE NOVELS CHARACTER, OLIVER, IS A GOOD PERSON AT HEART SURROUNDED BY THE FILTH OF THE LONDON STREETS. FILTH THAT DICKENS MIGHT HAVE DEALT WITH IN HIS EVERYDAY LIFE. BUT THROUGH MORALS AND MERE CHANCE OLIVER BECOMES A LIVING SYMBOL. THROUGHOUT HIS LIFETIME, DICKENS APPEARED TO HAVE ACQUIRED A FONDNESS FOR THE BLEAK, THE SORDID, AND THE AUSTERE. MOST OF OLIVER TWIST, FOR EXAMPLE, TAKES PLACE IN LONDONS LOWEST SLUMS. THE CITY IS DESCRIBED AS A MAZE WHICH INVOLVES A MYSTERY OF DARKNESS, ANONYMITY, AND PERIL. MANY OF THE SETTINGS, SUCH AS THE PICKPOCKETS HIDEOUT, THE SURROUNDING STREETS, AND THE BARS, ARE ALSO DESCRIBED AS DARK, GLOOMY, AND BLAND. EVEN WHILE HIS LIFE WAS IN DANGER WHILE IN THE HANDS OF FAGIN AND BILL SIKES, TWO SCHEMING PICKPOCKETS, HE REFUSED TO PARTICIPATE IN THE STEALING WHICH HE SO GREATLY OPPOSED. ALL OLIVER REALLY LONGED FOR WAS TO ESCAPE FROM HARSH LIVING CONDITIONS AND EVIL SURROUNDINGS WHICH HE HAD GROWN UP IN. HOWEVER, NO MATTER HOW TEMPTING THE EVIL MAY HAVE BEEN, OLIVER STOOD BY HIS BELIEFS. UNFORTUNATELY, MANY CRITICS HAVE FOUND IT HARD TO BELIEVE THAT A BOY SUCH AS OLIVER TWIST COULD REMAIN SO INNOCENT, PURE, AND WELL SPOKEN GIVEN THE LONG PERIOD OF TIME IN WHICH HE WAS SURROUNDED BY EVIL AND INJUSTICES. FAGIN THE HEAD OF A GROUP OF YOUNG THIEVES SPENDS MOST OF HIS TIME TRYING TO DEMORALIZE AND CORRUPT OLIVER AND PREVENT HIM FROM EVER COMING INTO HIS INHERITANCE. HE IS SEEN AS AN ESCAPE FROM ALL PREVIOUS MISERY. HE ALSO HELPS OLIVER TO EASE ANY FEARS ABOUT STARVATION AND LONELINESS. FAGIN IS A MASTER CRIMINAL, WHOSE SPECIALTY IS FENANG (SELLING STOLEN PROPERTY). HE EMPLOYS A GANG OF THIEVES AND IS ALWAYS LOOKING FOR NEW RECRUITS. HE IS A MAN OF CONSIDERABLE INTELLIGENCE, THOUGH CORRUPTED BY HIS SELF-INTEREST. HIS CONSCIENCE BOTHERS HIM AFTER HE IS CONDEMNED TO HANG. HE DOES HAVE A CYNICAL SENSE OF HUMOUR AND A MYSTERIOUS ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND PEOPLE. HES A VERY OLD SHRIVELLED JEW, WHOSE VILLAINOUS LOOKING REPULSIVE FACE WAS OBSCURED BY A QUANTITY OF MATTED RED HAIR. Fagin and his gang are of like qualities, all being thieves and gangsters, with whom poor Oliver unwittingly falls in with. Oliver, being a kind and innocent soul, is beguiled by Fagin and his boys into joining them for time. He uses double talk to keep his true motives from others. BILL SIKES IS A BULLY, A ROBBER AND A MURDERER. HE IS AN ALLY OF FAGIN. FAGIN PLANS THE CRIMES AND SIKES CARRIES THEM OUT. SIKES EVIL IS SO FRIGHTENING BECAUSE IT IS SO PHYSICAL. HE IS COMPARES TO A BEAST. NANCY IS THE HAPLESS PRODUCT OF THE SLUMS, THE PUPIL OF FAGIN, AND THE ABUSED MISTRESS OF SIKES. ALTHOUGH SHE IS A PROSTITUTE AND AN ACCOMPLICE OF CROOKS, SHE HAS THE INSTINCTS OF A GOOD PERSON. SHE IS PART OF A FEW OF THE MOST MEMORABLE SCENES (WHEN SHE VISITS FAGINS DEN, WHEN SHE WAITS FOR BILL TO COME HOME OR WHEN SHE MEETS WITH ROSE MAYLIE AND BROWNLOW TO HELP SAVE OLIVER).

Odysseus Best of the Achaens essays

Odysseus Best of the Achaens essays Odysseus receives the title of being the 'best of the Achaeans" regardless of his apparent lack of battle skills and physical strength. Odysseus was more of a counselor and a schemer than he was a fighter, so eventually the concept of a hero was transformed. Although the Greek's original understanding of a hero mostly consisted of extensive physical strength and stamina, it eventually comes to possess the qualities that Odysseus possesses. In several occasions, Odysseus uses this raw kind of trickery and intelligence to get him through one obstacle to another. In fact, we see how cunning he is even before he began his journey home, when we are introduced to his invention of the Trojan Horse, which influenced the war's victory immensely. He also applies his renowned cleverness throughout his journey home, including overcoming Polyphemus, escaping the sirens, and eventually overcoming the suitors that nearly took over his kingdom. Although Odysseus proves himself in many occasions, it is clear that all of his accomplishments were not achieved solely on his own. It could be argued that one requirement of being a hero, is having a divine god on the side of that individual. It is made most obvious that Odysseus is one of Athena's favorites of the mortals, and in turn she practically hands Odysseus his glory. Without Athena on Odysseus's side, he most certainly would not have prevailed as the hero that he is recognized as. In addition to this, Athena is not the only god that helps, as there are several of who assists Odysseus. Aeolus', the god of the winds, assists Odysseus in getting close to the shores of Ithica, and the god Hermes orders Calypso to release him so he can continue on his way. Ultimately, the changing understanding of a Greek hero is revealed quite clearly in The Odyssey, and Odysseus sets the standard of this new type of hero that has emerged. He proved himself a hero because he overcame all of his c...

Emergency Locator Transmitters (ELT) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Emergency Locator Transmitters (ELT) - Essay Example Technological advances in design of all these modes of transportation have made them far safer than they have ever been since their inception. Aircraft are some of the most technologically advanced systems today, with some having the capacity to travel at the speed of sound, others capable of transcontinental flight, still others practically built to be fortresses in the sky. Ships have become more massive, or more streamlined. They have become floating island cities. Trains nowadays are technological marvels of speed and safety, carrying people from one place to another at a fraction of the time they used to. However, despite all these technological leaps, there have still been instances that disasters strike, and none of these modes of transportation have been spared from the rare occurrences of disaster. Most accidents are external in nature – lightning strikes an aircraft, an iceberg rams a ship, a bridge collapses under the weight of a train. Because of the ease at which these transportation agents bring people to their destinations, there has been a bigger volume of commuters in the world today than ever before. Therefore, there are far more people who start passengers and end up as victims of an accident, and the sad reality is, they could potentially be casualties in the final calculation. Recent accidents like that of Air France 447 where the debris of the ill-fated aircraft, an ultra-modern Airbus A330 jet carrying 228 passengers, have yet to be found, remind us of the importance of having equipment that allows for quick location of an accident. Casualties usually mount as more time passes from the time of the accident to the time rescue teams arrive. There has to be a way to decrease this time because every second literally means lives. To solve this problem, the distress radio beacons or emergency beacons were developed. They are basically tracking

English Heritage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

English Heritage - Essay Example Increase people's understanding of the past" (Who Are We 2005). The Heritage achieves these goals and objectives by implementing various standards, by acting as a national and international champion for the heritage, by giving grants for the conservation of historic buildings, monuments and landscapes and maintaining registers for England's most significant historic buildings, monuments and landscapes. They also advise on the preservation of the historic environment, encourage broader public involvement, and promote education and research. They do these things while still caring for Stonehenge and over 400 other historic properties and maintaining the National Monuments Record. The organization also generates income for the benefit of the historic environment. The Heritage has come under attack lately for some of its actions, but at the same time has been lauded for its protection of historic buildings. There are some who believe this protection is the noblest and most worthwhile of all the organization's ventures. These national treasures are 'finite assets' that connect the ages, protect our ancestor's memories and preserve our heritage. Part of Britain's inheritance is all the structures that identify us as Britain. "English Heritage has the task of identifying and protecting thi... This paper will appraise the English Heritage protection system by examining its brief history and its present responsibilities. Along with that aspect, the paper will also show how the Heritage' various policies are perceived by the public. It will critique the current aspects and roles of English Heritage and outline opportunities for reform , the continuing reformation process that was initiated several years ago and continues to take place currently and how those reformations are changing the face of the organization. Also considered in the paper will be the group's various accomplishments, technological advancements in the system and future goals or the organization. Reforming the Organization In 2004, Heritage Minister Andrew McIntosh announced a number of reformation rights for owners of 'period properties'. Theses rights included statutory consultation and a new right of appeal. That these rights had to be announced at all is evidence that the reformation process had to be initiated. There have been many groups and individuals through the years calling for a more open and disclosing organization, but the organization seemed to defend itself by ignoring these calls.A study conducted by DCMS in July 2003 stated the following; "more than four in every five respondents favoured a single unified list of all heritage assets, and almost 100% supported plans to make the listing process more open" (DCMS 2004 pg 2). In considering these group's and individuals calling for the reforms other announcements at the same time concerning the reformation program included the creation of a new 'super

Wendy’s Company Analysis Essay Example for Free

Wendy’s Company Analysis Essay In the competitive fast-food business, Wendy’s is known for the quality of their food and low priced value menu. Their full page ad published this month in Sport’s Illustrated supports this view. The use of color, food items, bold lettering, slogans, and a beautiful woman helps the ad grab a viewer’s attention. The creator of this advertisement intended to convey to viewers that Wendy’s gives the customer a great quality food at an affordable price. The viewers’ eye is initially drawn to the center portion of the ad where a bacon cheese burger is displayed in perfection. The burger shown is much larger than its actual size. A juicy beef patty is stacked high with bacon, cheese, lettuce, tomato, and a fresh bun with a touch of mayonnaise. This image could lead a person into craving the mouthwatering burger. Ingredients on the burger have bright colors and are prominently used in the enlarged picture. All of these visual effects make the burger appear more valuable to the viewer of the ad. Plus, showing lots of color in the food can portray to the viewer that Wendy’s uses fresh quality ingredients in the products they served. It’s hard to miss the bold lettering that present Wendy’s slogans to the viewers of the advertisement. Three slogans are used to make Wendy’s sound more appealing to a potential customer. Across the top of the page, the viewer’s eyes read the first slogan â€Å"It’s only a deal if you love what you eat.† The big bold white letters stand out against the green background at the top of the page. This sends a message to the viewer that the customer must love the food they purchased or it’s not a good deal no matter what the food cost. Beneath the slogan across the top there are a few short sentences in smaller white lettering that explains to the viewer why you will love what you eat at Wendy’s. The combination of the slogan and the few short sentences emphasizes Wendy’s value menu is not only low-priced but also high quality like other items on their menu. On the left side of the page, next to the photo of the over-sized bac on cheeseburger, is a square which features a second slogan that reads â€Å"right price right size menu.† Wendy’s main objective with this slogan is to convey to the viewer the price offered is affordable and the costumer is getting quantity for that price. The bold bright two-tone red lettering adds to effect of this slogan and the viewers’ eyes are again drawn to page. With â€Å"right price right size menu†, the creator of advertisement appears to be summarizing the slogan and short sentences that are featured at top of the page. Then, in the bottom right corner of the page, the well-known Wendy’s logo is featured in the advertisement. The iconic red headed girl with the two pig tails is easily recognizable and the name Wendy’s is placed with the image. Just below the logo is the third slogan â€Å"Now that’s better†. The logo is placed in all of Wendy’ advertisements and helps the viewers match the advertisement to Wendy’s. Also, by always placing the logo in their ads, the viewer becomes familiar with the company’s symbol and can easily recognize it. Another choice of the ad creator’s design is to show a beautiful young woman enjoying a meal from Wendy’s. In the upper left corner of the advertisement, the woman is used to entice the viewer. The woman’s long gorgeous ginger hair stands out at first glance. Then, as the viewer can easily see, the woman smiles as she admires the burger she is holding. After further inspection, the creator may have wanted to present the woman shown a modern version of the girl in the Wendy’s logo. The woman’s presence in the ad gives the viewer a stunning visual effect that helps the viewers to picture themselves enjoying a meal from Wendy’s. In America, fast-food restaurants have become very popular over the years. They are ingrained in the American society and continue to grow. People will come across several fast-food restaurants at just about every exit on a highway and will drive right by hundreds more of them as they travel through a city. The growth of the fast-food industry has been helped by our cultures’ desire for convenience, immediate gratification, and the love of food. A person can go home and spend time cooking and cleaning after a meal or they can just go through the drive-through on the way home from work or school. Additionally, people like a bargain no matter how the economy is doing. The Wendy’s advertisement seeks to reassure the viewers that they will receive great food at the right price.

Career Report - Pharmacist and Physician Essay -- Job Working Research

Career Report - Pharmacist and Physician Over the past few weeks I have been researching my interests, values, and goals. Throughout this research a lot of things that were already evident to me, were proven for a fact. My interests included researching different aspects of science and data analysis. Analysis has always been a big part of my life because I analyze everything. My values have been proven to be centered toward helping people and being around people. These interests and values are almost equivalent with what my goals in life have been over the past years. For the past few years I have wanted to become some type of pharmacist or physician. In this paper, I have researched what being a pharmacist and physician involves. Pharmacists have a very tedious job because it requires a lot of attention to detail. Pharmacists dispense drugs and provide information to the patients about medication. Not only do they provide information to patients about side effects, but also they inform physicians of the ever-changing selection of drugs and dosage. Weighing, measuring, mixing drugs, finding the identity and purity, and strength of medications is also an important part of the job. Pharmacists must be sure not to dispense drugs that will have a negative reaction to the other medications that the patient may already be taking. Pharmacists work in clean, well-lighted, and well-ventilated areas. They work with dangerous materials and sterile pharmaceutical products, which require them to wear gloves and masks. Many full time, salaried pharmacists work at least about forty hours per week. Community pharmacists research and dispense information and help for diabetes, asthma, smoking cessation, and high blood press ure.... ...ed throughout this paper that a career as either a pharmacist or physician would be perfect careers for me, due to the fact that they are equivalent with my interests, values and goals in life are. There is a lot of hard work involved in these professions, but my love for helping people would carry me through the stresses involved in the schooling and work required of a physician or pharmacist. Bibliography: ?Miniscript #178-Pysician.?Michigan Occupational Information System. n.d. 7 Oct 1999. ?Pharmacist.? Career Guidance System. CD-ROM. Coin Educational Products, 1999. ?Pharmacists.? Collegeboard Online. n.d. 6 Oct 1999. ?Pharmacists.? Occupational Outlook Handbook. Ed. Theresa Cosca. 24 Feb 1999. 6 Oct 1999./ ?Physicians.? Career Guidance System. CD-ROM. Coin Educational Products, 1999. ?Physicians.? Collegeboard Online. n.d. 6 Oct 1999.

Organizatonal Theory Literature Review

This project consists of 4 components: A. Organizational Theory literature review. B. Discussion of applicable theories and concepts (synthesis of literature reviewed) as they relate to issues and challenges organizations face today. C. Organizational Analysis using the Baldridge P1/P2 criteria (focus on diagnosis). D. Recommendations for interventions (should be based on your organizational analysis and literature review). A. Organizational Theory Literature Review(60 points) Students are expected to review current and relevant OT literature and provide an annotated summary of each. Use the following web site as a guide: http://www. isc. edu/writing/Handbook/AnnotatedBibliography. html. Each summary must be thorough, concise, and the main point(s) must be clear. A minimum of 10 sources must be selected and referenced. APA style is required. Use the following web site as a guide: Be sure you are using the 5th edition of APA. APA Formatting Columbia College American Psychological Asso ciation http://www. apastyle. org/fifthchanges. html http://www. owl. english. purdue. edu/handouts/research/r_apa. html http://www. apa. org/ http://www. vanguard. edu/faculty/ddegelman/index_cfm? doc_id=796 http://www. wisc. edu/writetest/handbook/docapacitations. html http://www. fpg. nc. edu/`jei/apa5. pdf http://www. crk. umn. eud/library/links/apa5th. htm http://www. wisc. edu/writing/handbook/docapaheadings. html http://www. msubillings. edu/asc/pdf-writinglab/apa%20guidelines. pdf B. Literature Synthesis (100 points) Students will discuss applicable concepts, dynamics, and models from not only their literature review, but from course materials and the text. The author must identify and discuss current issues and/or challenges organizations face today. Show how OT concepts relate to and/or support these issues and challenges. C. Organizational Analysis (50 points) Connect to the Baldridge Criteria web site: www. uality. nist. gov. Use the Organizational Profile (P1/P2) criter ia to analysis an organization of your choice. You may use the criteria appropriate to your selected organization (i. e. manufacturing, healthcare, education, etc. ) It is highly recommended that the student has access to and familiarity with the organization they choose. If the organization selected is a large and dynamic organization (i. e. Lockheed Martin, U. S. Military), the analysis may be limited to a specific department or group. Before attempting to write the analysis, an understanding of the criteria model may be helpful. The analysis is to be submitted in an Executive Summary format and will not exceed 5 pages in length. Use the following site as a guide in writing your summary: http://www. columbia. edu/~ftg1/WRITING%20EXECUT. SUMMARY. html. Twenty-five (25) points will be deducted if more than 5 pages for this component are submitted. D. Analysis Application(100 points) It is expected that from the organizational analysis (description of the current state of the organization) that the student will have identified issues and challenges that are impacting organizational performance and outcomes. Based on these findings, provide recommended strategies. Recommended strategies should be based on the synthesized literature and other relevant course materials. In addition to recommended strategies, expected outcomes must be discussed. Note: Points will be deducted if less than 25 or more than 30 pages are submitted for this project. Title pages, graphs and illustrations, and reference pages will not be counted towards page limitations.

Of Mice and Men Essay

The book Of Mice and Men focuses on the friendship of two migrant workers in California at a time when most of the work was done by people and not by machines. George was a small man who acted worldly and wise. Lennie was a huge man that had the mind of a child. Together George and Lennie would bounce from job to job with no money in their pockets and only the dream of someday owning a place of their own to keep them going. The two men were not able to stay in one place too long because Lennie would get into trouble and George would have to get the two of them out of the bad situation and find a new place to work until the next bad thing would happen. Why would George continue to complicate his life by dragging Lennie around? Why wouldn’t George just set off on his own and make his life a whole lot easier? It was obvious when I read through the book that Lennie could not have survived in the world without somebody like George watching out for him. As the story unfolded I had to ask myself, â€Å"Did George need Lennie as much as Lennie needed George? † Two men traveling together the way George and Lennie did was not very common during this time. Slim said to George on page 39, â€Å"Hardly none of the guys ever travel together. I hardly never seen two guys travel together. You know how hands are, they just come in and get their bunk and work a month, and then they quit and go out alone. Never seem to give a damn about nobody. † Why did George and Lennie travel together then? It is easy to answer that question when looking at it from Lennies point of view. Lennie needed somebody to protect him. Lennie had the mind of a small child and would not have been able to find work, feed himself or stay out of trouble if not for somebody like George. The reason why George traveled with Lennie on the other hand is a little bit more complicated. One reason may have been George made a promise to the person who took care of Lennie before George that he would. Does this mean that George is such a stand up person that he would not go back on his word? Maybe but I don’t think it is the main reason he put up with Lennie and all the trouble that came with him. Another reason George may have kept Lennie around was that Lennie was such a great worker that it made George’s life much easier always working alongside of him. A third reason why George may have continued to travel with Lennie was that George liked the fact that he was in charge of Lennie, similar to how a father was in charge of what his son does. George had so little in his life that maybe having Lennie around to tell what to do all the time made him feel needed or important. Jus’ tell Lennie what to do an’ he’ll do it if it don’t take no figuring. He can’t think of nothing to do himself, but he sure can take orders† George tells Slim on page 39. A fourth reason George kept Lennie around is maybe Lennie made George feel smart. George seemed like the kind of person that liked to feel he was smart. The last reason I can think of and probably the biggest reason was that George needed the company. I don’t think that George could even imagine living how he lived and not having anybody to share anything with, including his ideas and his dreams. Ultimately, I think all of these reasons played some role in why George kept Lenny around but fear of being alone was probably the biggest reason. Something good is gained by both parties in every successful relationship and the relationship that George and Lenny have was no exception. Lenny of course received protection and a person to take care of him. Those are two things he could not have survived without. I think what George gained most from the relationship was becoming a better person. On page 41, George says to Slim, â€Å"I ain’t got no people. I seen guys that go around on the ranches alone. That ain’t no good. They get wantin’ to fight all the time. † George meant he didn’t have any family at all. George was afraid if he lost Lennie, he would never have somebody close to him again, he would be all alone and turn mean. That is what George got most out of the relationship, the friendship he believed made him a better person. I think George proved just how much he cared about Lennie at the end of the story when he shot Lennie in the back of the head by the creek. George made the ultimate sacrifice in killing Lennie and putting himself in the position that he feared the most which is being along. George knew if anybody else found Lennie, especially Curley, they would have made Lennie suffer to pay for killing Curley’s wife. It was interesting what happened earlier with Old Candy and his dog being put to sleep. Old Candy seemed just as upset about not shooting the dog himself as losing the dog. â€Å"I should have done it myself†, Old Candy said near the end of the book. Maybe George learned from that. George believed the right thing was for somebody who cared about Lennie to end his life no matter how much it hurt. Of Mice and Men is a book about relationships with the relationship between two very different people, George and Lennie, at the forefront. Early on it seemed very obvious that Lennie got the most benefit from their friendship. As the story unfolds, it’s not so obvious. In the end, I believe that George benefitted as much or even more than Lennie from their strange friendship. George believed that Lennie made him a better person.

French Passive Constructions

French Passive Constructions Passive constructions are those in which a verbs action is performed on the subject, rather than the subject performing the action as in active (normal) constructions. The passive voice is the most common French passive construction, but there are a couple of others to watch out for as well. Other French Passive Constructions Passive Infinitive: Even though the French infinitive translates as to verb, the French infinitive sometimes needs to be preceded by a preposition. This is the case with the passive infinitive, which is commonly used with indefinite and negative words, such as Il ny a rien manger - Theres nothing to eat.Passive Reflexive: In the passive reflexive construction, a normally non-reflexive verb is used reflexively in order to express the passive nature of the action, as in Ça se voit - Thats obvious.Reflexive Causative: The reflexive causative (se faire infinitive) indicates something that happens to the subject, either per someone elses implied action or wish or unintentionally. Passive Reflexive in Detail In French (and English) it is preferable to avoid the passive voice. French has numerous constructions which are commonly used in place of the passive voice, one of which is the passive reflexive. The French passive reflexive is used in place of the passive voice in order to avoid naming the agent of a verb. The passive reflexive is formed with a noun or pronoun, then the reflexive pronoun se, and finally the appropriate verb conjugation (third-person singular or plural). In essence, this construction uses a non-reflexive verb reflexively in order to demonstrate the passive nature of the action. The literal translation of the French passive reflexive (something does something to itself) is strange to English ears, but its important to recognize this construction and understand what it actually means. Ça se voit. - Thats obvious.Ça saperà §oit peine. - Its hardly noticeable.Cela ne se dit pas. -  That isnt said.Ce livre se lit souvent. - This book is often read.Comment se prononce ce mot  ?  - How is this word pronounced?Comment à §a sà ©crit  ? (informal) - How is that spelled?Un homme sest rencontrà © hier. - A man was found yesterday.Un coup de tonnerre sest entendu. - A crash of thunder was heard.Les mà »res ne se vendent pas ici. - Blackberries are not sold here.Ce produit devrait sutiliser quotidiennement. - This product should be used daily.

Understanding Object Pronoun Verb Order in French

Understanding Object Pronoun Verb Order in French Mistakes will always be made in French, and now you can learn from them. There are two kinds of object pronouns, direct and indirect. Beginning students of French tend to misplace them and the result can be nonsense to the French ear. The rule of thumb: Place object pronouns before  the verb, with the indirect going before the direct object pronoun. When the verb is in the passà © composà © or another compound verb that includes an auxiliary verb, the pronoun precedes the entire verb; in other words, before the auxiliary verb, which is  the conjugated avoir  or  Ãƒ ªtre. The Correct Format Its never correct to say  Jai lui dit. The pronoun lui goes before ai, which begins the compound verb, like this: Je lui ai dit (Im telling him). The major exception is the imperative mood (limperatif), when object pronouns follow the verb: Donne-le-lui (Give it to him/her). Here are some examples of the correct format: Tu las vu? Have you seen it?Je lui ai dit la và ©rità ©. I told him/her the truth.Il  leur  achà ¨te des livres.   He buys books  for them.  Elle  ma à ©crit.   She wrote  to me.  *Je te lavais bien dit! I told you so! *In this example, there is both an indirect (te) and direct (le) object. Remember, the indirect object always comes first. The verb is still compound, but now the tense is plus-que-parfait (pluperfect) with the auxiliary verb in the imparfait (imperfect). So the object pronouns precede avais, which is the auxiliary verb here. Indirect Object Pronouns For indirect objects, the verbs action occurs to or for a person or other animate noun. Im talking to  Pierre. Je parle   Pierre.To whom  am I talking?  To Pierre. Indirect object pronouns  are the words that  replace  the name of the indirect object. They include:   Ã‚  Ã‚  me  /  m  Ã‚  Ã‚  me  Ã‚  Ã‚  te  /  t  Ã‚  Ã‚  you  Ã‚  Ã‚  lui  Ã‚  Ã‚  him, her  Ã‚  Ã‚  nous  Ã‚  Ã‚  us  Ã‚  Ã‚  vous  Ã‚  Ã‚  you  Ã‚  Ã‚  leur  Ã‚  Ã‚  them Me  and  te  change to  m  and  t, respectively, in front of a vowel or  mute H. Direct Object Pronouns Direct objects are the people or things in a sentence that receive the action of the verb. To find the direct object in a sentence, ask who or what. I see  Pierre. Je vois  Pierre.Who  do I see?  Pierre. Direct object pronouns  are the words that  replace  the direct object, so that we can avoid endlessly repeating the name of the object. They include:   Ã‚  Ã‚  me  /  m  Ã‚  Ã‚  me  Ã‚  Ã‚  te  /  t  Ã‚  Ã‚  you  Ã‚  Ã‚  le  /  l  Ã‚  Ã‚  him, it  Ã‚  Ã‚  la  /  l  Ã‚  Ã‚  her, it  Ã‚  Ã‚  nous  Ã‚  Ã‚  us  Ã‚  Ã‚  vous  Ã‚  Ã‚  you  Ã‚  Ã‚  les  Ã‚  Ã‚  them Me  and  te  change to  m  and  t, respectively, in front of a vowel or  mute H.  Le  and  la  both change to  l. Remember that both indirect object  pronouns and  direct object  pronouns precede the verb, with the indirect object pronoun going first. When deciding between direct and indirect objects, the general rule is that if the object is preceded by the  preposition  Ã‚  or  pour, that object is an indirect object. If its not preceded by a preposition, its a direct object. If its preceded by any other preposition, it cant be replaced  by an object pronoun.   If you have an indirect object thats not a person or animal, it can only be replaced with the  adverbial pronouns  y and en.  Y stands in for    a  noun  and usually means there or to it.  En  replaces  de a noun and usually means some, any, one, or of it/them.

Tragedy of the Commons and Collective Action Term Paper

Tragedy of the Commons and Collective Action - Term Paper Example Acceptance of the reality of interdependency is implicit idea that all kinds or types of natural resources are for the good of everybody. This means resources are safeguarded for a common purpose of use, exploitation and preservation for replenishment and eventual use of all future generations. This idea is called the global commons of natural resources (Nonini 164). Early or primitive human societies had latched unto this idea of the commons due to their own survival instincts. Every member of the tribe is tasked to help preserve all resources not only for today's present consumption needs but for the future requirements of succeeding generations as well. Because of this concept of environmental preservation, the tribe members had banded themselves together with some social, cultural or religious arrangements to ensure that resources are safeguarded from over-exploitation, allowed to recover and replenish and to make everyone aware that no one owns these resources exclusively but ev erybody owns it. It is this idea that is known as the commons with the added sense of good stewardship. People are supposed to take only what they need from their common-pool resources. A fertile or rich environment can support a population adequately to provide a comfortable life as long as this practice is enforced. Nobody is supposed to take more than what they need, such as exploiting a resource for profit because some people had become too greedy. This had been practiced by the native Americans before the white colonizers came along. In fact, this is shown to be viable, a sense of abundance even in marginal ecological zones (ibid.). Continued population growth had put pressure on natural resources, a grim reminder of the theory put forward by Malthus centuries ago regarding... Good governance today demands consent, cooperation and commitment from people and the old ways of using coercion is no longer an acceptable alternative when imposing some form of social contract in managing common-pool resources (CPR). In fact, this was what the Nobel prize winner Elinor Ostrom advocates, using her recommended seven principles on the best ways on how to govern the commons while privatization is also considered but it has its limitations but an important point is that socio-economic models for sustainable extraction of resources can be implemented using the old ideas of liberal democracy. Global commons has been shown to be generative as well if done right, such as in music, literature, new medical technologies, hybrid seeds and in computer software where the intellectual rights are recognized and protected by copyright and patent laws.

Financial Management Discussion Week 7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Financial Management Discussion Week 7 - Essay Example Prototyping being the first stage requires entrepreneurs to keenly listen to prospective customers. Cheap and simple prototypes, however, should be built for the purpose of acquiring customer feedback. This level advocates for invested labor and credit card borrowing to finance the venture. At this stage trying to produce any venture capital would be fruitless except when the business can prove that it may make profits at early stages (Brooks, 2012). A vivid business model should follow the proof to offer a powerful bargaining upper hand with a venture capitalist. Customer base is useful especially after finding a customer who is willing and capable of paying for the final prototype. Also if one might want to ask capital from angel investors or family members who might want to buy a lesser stake in the particular company. At this level, the business or entrepreneur can raise money from many people who cannot scheme to oust the founder. Some Companies start g capital at this level even though it is advisable to wait and proceed with the activity at the third stage (Lawrence, 2010). Expansion is another process implemented after acquiring a trivial share of the market segment and surprisingly when also the growth of the company becomes stunted. Acquiring a new market becomes a vital activity while developing and updating products. At this level the startup CEO is in a position to discuss with capital providers because the venture is lucrative. The exit is the final process where the entrepreneur sells the business to a customer or gives a public offering (Baron, 2011). Sadly after the initial public offer is done most entrepreneurs leave their business because of the boredom brought about by the administration of a sluggishly growing publicly traded business. A company can raise capital using various ways for different uses depending on the financial necessities or on the size and nature